Machine room engineering

Server room construction

      Safe and reliable server room is the foundation of reliable and safe operation of data information system, in order to ensure stable and reliable operation of data information system, the environment of data center server room must meet the requirements of servers, mini-computers, memory and other electronic equipment and staff on temperature, humidity, cleanliness, electromagnetic field strength, shielding, leakage, power quality, vibration, lightning protection, grounding and safety and security. The subsystems of data center server room construction include: structural decoration system, power supply and distribution system, lightning protection and grounding system, UPS system, precision air-conditioning system, fresh air system, comprehensive cabling system, power environment monitoring system, access control system, image monitoring system, fire alarm and gas extinguishing system, KVM switching system and so on.

1. Structural renovation system:
The structural decoration system of the server room includes ceiling, floor, partition, wall, door and window, waterproof and rodent-proof projects. On the premise of using materials with good airtightness, no dust, easy to clean and small deformation, we carry out three-dimensional "three-proof" pre-processing on the ceiling, wall and floor of the server room, so that the server room can play a role in dust-proofing, waterproofing and moisture-proofing, anti-static, heat insulation, shielding, soundproofing, safety and beautiful effect.

2. Power supply and distribution systems:
existServer room constructionThe power distribution system is one of the important links, which requires an uninterrupted, high-quality power supply for the server room to ensure the reliable operation of the server room; in order to build a good server room, the first thing to do is to solve the problem of power supply and distribution:

(1) Requirements for power supply in different categories of server rooms: Class A server rooms: a power outage will cause significant losses and social impact, requiring the establishment of a non-stop power supply system; Class B server rooms: a power outage will cause certain losses and social impact, requiring the establishment of a standby power supply system.

(2) Utility power transmission and transformation system: for the primary load machine room there should be a dual-channel power supply from different substations, plus a diesel generator, through the emergency power switching cabinet to supply the UPS and precision air conditioning units in the machine room.

(3) Configuration of electricity for the machine room: power distribution must take full account of the margin for future development.

Two more ideal uninterruptible power supply systems:

First, dual utility power (from two different substations) plus UPS backup system;

Second, a single utility as the main power, configure UPS and diesel generator sets.

3, Lightning protection and grounding system

Lightning strikes can cause great losses and serious consequences, and lightning strikes and the surrounding electromagnetic induction can damage attached systems and equipment. Frequent lightning strikes and overcurrents can reduce the insulation index of transmission lines and systems. Surge is potentially harmful to all electronic equipment and data. It is latent, invisible, unpredictable, extremely dangerous and has unimaginable consequences.

Due to the importance of the server room, to take lightning anti-surge measures is a must, at least should be done to achieve three-level protection, the general practice is to configure a large-capacity lightning arrester in the server room at the main incoming distribution cabinet, the main power supply protection, which is the first level of protection; in the UPS incoming switch to add the second level of lightning arrester, UPS equipment in the protection, which is the second level of protection; in the main switch in the distribution cabinet of the equipment to add a small-capacity lightning arrester to protect power-using equipment, which is the third level of protection. Small-capacity lightning arrester, the protection of electrical equipment, which is the third level of protection.

Grounding is the most important part of lightning protection technology, whether it is direct lightning, induced lightning, or other forms of lightning, the ultimate is to send the lightning current into the earth. Therefore, there is no reasonable and good grounding device is not reliable lightning. The smaller the grounding resistance, the faster the dissipation, the shorter the high potential of the object struck by lightning to maintain the time, the smaller the danger. Machine room grounding generally take a common grounding method will be lightning grounding, electrical safety grounding, AC ground, DC ground unified as a grounding device. If there are special requirements to set up an independent ground, it is necessary to connect the ground pole protector between the two networks, so that the two networks are usually independent, to prevent interference, when the lightning current comes between the two networks through the ground pole protector instantly connected to form an equipotential connection.

4,UPSsystems

      UPS refers to the computer applications, to protect the accidental power failure caused by data loss of a backup power supply equipment, it can be in the case of AC power disconnection, to provide a certain amount of time power supply in order to make a safe shutdown. UPS design precision, utility power and battery or converter of the switching time is short, to make up for the shortcomings of the generator or other emergency power interruptions for a long time. The UPS also automatically stabilizes the voltage and filters out noise, providing a stable and clean power environment for the equipment.

UPS capacity selection should take into account a certain margin, the main purpose is to improve the working life of the UPS and efficiency, experience is based on the sum of the capacity of the power-using equipment, take 1.3 ~ 1.5 coefficients to derive the capacity of the UPS; UPS using dual redundancy and backup operation is more reliable, if the conditions permit, can also be used in the way of the N + 1.

5Precision air-conditioning systems

The machine room is a large number of microelectronic equipment, is a large heat generation area, we design the use of special machine roomPrecision air conditioningThe unit carries out uninterrupted precise and strict control of the computer room 24 hours a day, 365 days a year to ensure that the system equipment in the computer room works under constant temperature and humidity working conditions.

Precision air-conditioning equipment takes full account of the characteristics of the machine room, on the basis of the same refrigeration capacity, the component is much larger than the comfortable air-conditioning, which can quickly and effectively take away the heat of the machine. At the same time, it can also control the relative humidity in the machine room, even in the cooling state, precision air conditioning can be done without dehumidification, but also equipped with an automatic humidification system, so that the computer equipment, whether it is in the wet summer or in the dry winter can have a constant temperature and humidity of the working environment.

6New air-conditioning systems

Fresh air system is an important link to ensure the environment of the server room. The first is to maintain a positive pressure in the room, which is conducive to maintaining a constant air environment in the room and keeping the room clean; the second is to dilute the air pollutants that are constantly generated in the room to prevent the air quality from deteriorating.

7Access control system

"Server room, no one is allowed in!" It is not difficult to see such a greeting at the door of any computer operation center server room, the vast majority of server rooms are set up with electronic or physical access control, especially important server room at the same time also set up a full-time security duty personnel, this is because of the security needs of the server room site decision.

The purpose of setting up the access control system is to achieve the effect of enhancing the safety level of the server room, standardizing the operating order of the server room and realizing the effective management of the server room site through the control of the staff in and out of the server room and the changes in the use of the operating equipment, so that the access control management can play an important role in the process of the safe operation and management of the server room.

8Image monitoring system

Machine room image monitoring system is through the machine room entrances and exits, the main channel, key areas set up fixed or integrated cameras, set up at the end of the large-capacity hard disk recorders, real-time monitoring of the situation in the machine room and recorded, the duty officer does not have to go to the various parts of the tour to the situation in the machine room can be viewed to improve the efficiency of the management, the occurrence of accidents through the playback of video data to find the original records, improve the machine room in the Safety and reliability.

9Power Environment Monitoring System

Data center server rooms support the normal operation of modern production systems of various enterprises and institutions, and some server rooms have even become unattended. In this case, any accidental system interruption and equipment damage caused by environmental factors and human error will bring huge losses to enterprises and institutions. In order to minimize such losses, users need to have a set of advanced, reliable server room environment monitoring and early warning system to ensure the safe operation of equipment. The system must be able to observe the situation in the server room anytime and anywhere, and must be able to issue preventive alarms, notify the relevant personnel, take measures and prevent accidents from occurring in a timely manner.

Server room power environment monitoring system is through the protocol converter to the server room UPS, precision air conditioning, fresh air machine, power detection module, generator, server room temperature and humidity sensors and other end of the intelligent device to manage the collected data, by setting a reasonable range, real-time detection of changes in the end of the data, after exceeding the normal range of values set, the host computer will generate an alarm signal and through the wireless dialer to call the Managers of cell phones, landline phones or send short messages for remote alarms.

10Fire Alarm and Gas Extinguishing Systems

Structural and fire analysis of machine rooms:

   1. The space structure in the machine room is divided into three layers: under the floor, on the ceiling and between the floor and ceiling;

   2, the general computer room fire factors are mainly caused by electrical overload or short-circuit, the main area of combustion is generally under the floor or ceiling, the initial combustion of smoke, the temperature rises relatively slowly. According to the computer room equipment is expensive, and emission of dense, can not use water to extinguish the fire, the structure of the special and its fire factors and other characteristics of the fire room should be used to extinguish the fire on the personnel without harming the gas. Computer room fire extinguishing system is relatively independent, has its own fire alarm system and gas extinguishing system, according to the way of work can be divided into no pipe network fire fighting and pipe network fire fighting system.

Fire linkage system design:

      1, in the machine room occurs all the way alarm, two alarm and gas spraying three stages of its action signal should be reflected in the building fire control room, in order to the unified management of the building.

      2, in the case of incompatibility with the building's original alarm equipment, to achieve the transmission of the three states.

      3, non-fire-fighting power supply and connection with the building alarm system and other linkage, air-conditioning system and non-fire-fighting power supply shutdown, should be in the gas sprayed 30S before the action, that is, the alarm controller in the receipt of two alarm signals issued by the air-conditioning unit, fire damper in the fire extinguishing area and non-fire-fighting power supply shutdown signals.

11,KVMSwitching Systems

The ultimate goal of centralized control and management is to integrate the host system management interface, centralize the control of the host system through a few management and control servers, support local management and off-site management methods, facilitate the monitoring of the main control, and shorten the fault response time. After comprehensive examination, mature KVM technology and products are adopted for realization.